NASM : The Netwide AssemblerJuly 30, 2010 Friday
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Chapter 1: Introduction Section 1.1: What Is NASM? Section 1.1.1: Why Yet Another Assembler? Section 1.1.2: Licence Conditions Section 1.2: Contact Information Section 1.3: Installation Section 1.3.1: Installing NASM under MS-DOS or Windows Section 1.3.2: Installing NASM under Unix
Chapter 2: Running NASM Section 2.1: NASM Command-Line Syntax Section 2.1.1: The -o Option: Specifying the Output File Name Section 2.1.2: The -f Option: Specifying the Output File Format Section 2.1.3: The -l Option: Generating a Listing File Section 2.1.4: The -M Option: Generate Makefile Dependencies. Section 2.1.5: The -F Option: Selecting a Debug Information Format Section 2.1.6: The -g Option: Enabling Debug Information. Section 2.1.7: The -X Option: Selecting an Error Reporting Format Section 2.1.8: The -E Option: Send Errors to a File Section 2.1.9: The -s Option: Send Errors to stdout Section 2.1.10: The -i Option: Include File Search Directories Section 2.1.11: The -p Option: Pre-Include a File Section 2.1.12: The -d Option: Pre-Define a Macro Section 2.1.13: The -u Option: Undefine a Macro Section 2.1.14: The -e Option: Preprocess Only Section 2.1.15: The -a Option: Don't Preprocess At All Section 2.1.16: The -On Option: Specifying Multipass Optimization. Section 2.1.17: The -t option: Enable TASM Compatibility Mode Section 2.1.18: The -w Option: Enable or Disable Assembly Warnings Section 2.1.19: The -v Option: Display Version Info Section 2.1.20: The -y Option: Display Available Debug Info Formats Section 2.1.21: The --prefix and --postfix Options. Section 2.1.22: The NASMENV Environment Variable Section 2.2: Quick Start for MASM Users Section 2.2.1: NASM Is Case-Sensitive Section 2.2.2: NASM Requires Square Brackets For Memory References Section 2.2.3: NASM Doesn't Store Variable Types Section 2.2.4: NASM Doesn't ASSUME Section 2.2.5: NASM Doesn't Support Memory Models Section 2.2.6: Floating-Point Differences Section 2.2.7: Other Differences
-o
-f
-l
-M
-F
-g
-X
-E
-s
stdout
-i
-p
-d
-u
-e
-a
-On
-t
-w
-v
-y
--prefix
--postfix
NASMENV
ASSUME
Chapter 3: The NASM Language Section 3.1: Layout of a NASM Source Line Section 3.2: Pseudo-Instructions Section 3.2.1: DB and friends: Declaring Initialised Data Section 3.2.2: RESB and friends: Declaring Uninitialised Data Section 3.2.3: INCBIN: Including External Binary Files Section 3.2.4: EQU: Defining Constants Section 3.2.5: TIMES: Repeating Instructions or Data Section 3.3: Effective Addresses Section 3.4: Constants Section 3.4.1: Numeric Constants Section 3.4.2: Character Constants Section 3.4.3: String Constants Section 3.4.4: Floating-Point Constants Section 3.5: Expressions Section 3.5.1: |: Bitwise OR Operator Section 3.5.2: ^: Bitwise XOR Operator Section 3.5.3: &: Bitwise AND Operator Section 3.5.4: << and >>: Bit Shift Operators Section 3.5.5: + and -: Addition and Subtraction Operators Section 3.5.6: *, /, //, % and %%: Multiplication and Division Section 3.5.7: Unary Operators: +, -, ~ and SEG Section 3.6: SEG and WRT Section 3.7: STRICT: Inhibiting Optimization Section 3.8: Critical Expressions Section 3.9: Local Labels
DB
RESB
INCBIN
EQU
TIMES
|
^
&
<<
>>
+
-
*
/
//
%
%%
~
SEG
WRT
STRICT
Chapter 4: The NASM Preprocessor Section 4.1: Single-Line Macros Section 4.1.1: The Normal Way: %define Section 4.1.2: Enhancing %define: %xdefine Section 4.1.3: Concatenating Single Line Macro Tokens: %+ Section 4.1.4: Undefining macros: %undef Section 4.1.5: Preprocessor Variables: %assign Section 4.2: String Handling in Macros: %strlen and %substr Section 4.2.1: String Length: %strlen Section 4.2.2: Sub-strings: %substr Section 4.3: Multi-Line Macros: %macro Section 4.3.1: Overloading Multi-Line Macros Section 4.3.2: Macro-Local Labels Section 4.3.3: Greedy Macro Parameters Section 4.3.4: Default Macro Parameters Section 4.3.5: %0: Macro Parameter Counter Section 4.3.6: %rotate: Rotating Macro Parameters Section 4.3.7: Concatenating Macro Parameters Section 4.3.8: Condition Codes as Macro Parameters Section 4.3.9: Disabling Listing Expansion Section 4.4: Conditional Assembly Section 4.4.1: %ifdef: Testing Single-Line Macro Existence Section 4.4.2: ifmacro: Testing Multi-Line Macro Existence Section 4.4.3: %ifctx: Testing the Context Stack Section 4.4.4: %if: Testing Arbitrary Numeric Expressions Section 4.4.5: %ifidn and %ifidni: Testing Exact Text Identity Section 4.4.6: %ifid, %ifnum, %ifstr: Testing Token Types Section 4.4.7: %error: Reporting User-Defined Errors Section 4.5: Preprocessor Loops: %rep Section 4.6: Including Other Files Section 4.7: The Context Stack Section 4.7.1: %push and %pop: Creating and Removing Contexts Section 4.7.2: Context-Local Labels Section 4.7.3: Context-Local Single-Line Macros Section 4.7.4: %repl: Renaming a Context Section 4.7.5: Example Use of the Context Stack: Block IFs Section 4.8: Standard Macros Section 4.8.1: __NASM_MAJOR__, __NASM_MINOR__, __NASM_SUBMINOR__ and ___NASM_PATCHLEVEL__: NASM Version Section 4.8.2: __NASM_VERSION_ID__: NASM Version ID Section 4.8.3: __NASM_VER__: NASM Version string Section 4.8.4: __FILE__ and __LINE__: File Name and Line Number Section 4.8.5: STRUC and ENDSTRUC: Declaring Structure Data Types Section 4.8.6: ISTRUC, AT and IEND: Declaring Instances of Structures Section 4.8.7: ALIGN and ALIGNB: Data Alignment Section 4.9: TASM Compatible Preprocessor Directives Section 4.9.1: %arg Directive Section 4.9.2: %stacksize Directive Section 4.9.3: %local Directive Section 4.10: Other Preprocessor Directives Section 4.10.1: %line Directive Section 4.10.2: %!<env>: Read an environment variable.
%define
%xdefine
%+
%undef
%assign
%strlen
%substr
%macro
%0
%rotate
%ifdef
ifmacro
%ifctx
%if
%ifidn
%ifidni
%ifid
%ifnum
%ifstr
%error
%rep
%push
%pop
%repl
__NASM_MAJOR__
__NASM_MINOR__
__NASM_SUBMINOR__
___NASM_PATCHLEVEL__
__NASM_VERSION_ID__
__NASM_VER__
__FILE__
__LINE__
STRUC
ENDSTRUC
ISTRUC
AT
IEND
ALIGN
ALIGNB
%arg
%stacksize
%local
%line
%!
<env>
Chapter 5: Assembler Directives Section 5.1: BITS: Specifying Target Processor Mode Section 5.1.1: USE16 & USE32: Aliases for BITS Section 5.2: SECTION or SEGMENT: Changing and Defining Sections Section 5.2.1: The __SECT__ Macro Section 5.3: ABSOLUTE: Defining Absolute Labels Section 5.4: EXTERN: Importing Symbols from Other Modules Section 5.5: GLOBAL: Exporting Symbols to Other Modules Section 5.6: COMMON: Defining Common Data Areas Section 5.7: CPU: Defining CPU Dependencies
BITS
USE16
USE32
SECTION
SEGMENT
__SECT__
ABSOLUTE
EXTERN
GLOBAL
COMMON
CPU
Chapter 6: Output Formats Section 6.1: bin: Flat-Form Binary Output Section 6.1.1: ORG: Binary File Program Origin Section 6.1.2: bin Extensions to the SECTION Directive Section 6.1.3: Multisection support for the BIN format. Section 6.1.4: Map files Section 6.2: obj: Microsoft OMF Object Files Section 6.2.1: obj Extensions to the SEGMENT Directive Section 6.2.2: GROUP: Defining Groups of Segments Section 6.2.3: UPPERCASE: Disabling Case Sensitivity in Output Section 6.2.4: IMPORT: Importing DLL Symbols Section 6.2.5: EXPORT: Exporting DLL Symbols Section 6.2.6: ..start: Defining the Program Entry Point Section 6.2.7: obj Extensions to the EXTERN Directive Section 6.2.8: obj Extensions to the COMMON Directive Section 6.3: win32: Microsoft Win32 Object Files Section 6.3.1: win32 Extensions to the SECTION Directive Section 6.4: coff: Common Object File Format Section 6.5: elf: Executable and Linkable Format Object Files Section 6.5.1: elf Extensions to the SECTION Directive Section 6.5.2: Position-Independent Code: elf Special Symbols and WRT Section 6.5.3: elf Extensions to the GLOBAL Directive Section 6.5.4: elf Extensions to the COMMON Directive Section 6.5.5: 16-bit code and ELF Section 6.6: aout: Linux a.out Object Files Section 6.7: aoutb: NetBSD/FreeBSD/OpenBSD a.out Object Files Section 6.8: as86: Minix/Linux as86 Object Files Section 6.9: rdf: Relocatable Dynamic Object File Format Section 6.9.1: Requiring a Library: The LIBRARY Directive Section 6.9.2: Specifying a Module Name: The MODULE Directive Section 6.9.3: rdf Extensions to the GLOBAL directive Section 6.10: dbg: Debugging Format
bin
ORG
Multisection
obj
GROUP
UPPERCASE
IMPORT
EXPORT
..start
win32
coff
elf
aout
a.out
aoutb
as86
rdf
LIBRARY
MODULE
dbg
Chapter 7: Writing 16-bit Code Section 7.1: Producing .EXE Files Section 7.1.1: Using the obj Format To Generate .EXE Files Section 7.1.2: Using the bin Format To Generate .EXE Files Section 7.2: Producing .COM Files Section 7.2.1: Using the bin Format To Generate .COM Files Section 7.2.2: Using the obj Format To Generate .COM Files Section 7.3: Producing .SYS Files Section 7.4: Interfacing to 16-bit C Programs Section 7.4.1: External Symbol Names Section 7.4.2: Memory Models Section 7.4.3: Function Definitions and Function Calls Section 7.4.4: Accessing Data Items Section 7.4.5: c16.mac: Helper Macros for the 16-bit C Interface Section 7.5: Interfacing to Borland Pascal Programs Section 7.5.1: The Pascal Calling Convention Section 7.5.2: Borland Pascal Segment Name Restrictions Section 7.5.3: Using c16.mac With Pascal Programs
.EXE
.COM
.SYS
c16.mac
Chapter 8: Writing 32-bit Code Section 8.1: Interfacing to 32-bit C Programs Section 8.1.1: External Symbol Names Section 8.1.2: Function Definitions and Function Calls Section 8.1.3: Accessing Data Items Section 8.1.4: c32.mac: Helper Macros for the 32-bit C Interface Section 8.2: Writing NetBSD/FreeBSD/OpenBSD and Linux/ELF Shared Libraries Section 8.2.1: Obtaining the Address of the GOT Section 8.2.2: Finding Your Local Data Items Section 8.2.3: Finding External and Common Data Items Section 8.2.4: Exporting Symbols to the Library User Section 8.2.5: Calling Procedures Outside the Library Section 8.2.6: Generating the Library File
c32.mac
Chapter 9: Mixing 16 and 32 Bit Code Section 9.1: Mixed-Size Jumps Section 9.2: Addressing Between Different-Size Segments Section 9.3: Other Mixed-Size Instructions
Chapter 10: Troubleshooting Section 10.1: Common Problems Section 10.1.1: NASM Generates Inefficient Code Section 10.1.2: My Jumps are Out of Range Section 10.1.3: ORG Doesn't Work Section 10.1.4: TIMES Doesn't Work Section 10.2: Bugs
Appendix A: Ndisasm Section A.1: Introduction Section A.2: Getting Started: Installation Section A.3: Running NDISASM Section A.3.1: COM Files: Specifying an Origin Section A.3.2: Code Following Data: Synchronisation Section A.3.3: Mixed Code and Data: Automatic (Intelligent) Synchronisation Section A.3.4: Other Options Section A.4: Bugs and Improvements
Appendix B: x86 Instruction Reference Section B.1: Key to Operand Specifications Section B.2: Key to Opcode Descriptions Section B.2.1: Register Values Section B.2.2: Condition Codes Section B.2.3: SSE Condition Predicates Section B.2.4: Status Flags Section B.2.5: Effective Address Encoding: ModR/M and SIB Section B.3: Key to Instruction Flags Section B.4: x86 Instruction Set Section B.4.1: AAA, AAS, AAM, AAD: ASCII Adjustments Section B.4.2: ADC: Add with Carry Section B.4.3: ADD: Add Integers Section B.4.4: ADDPD: ADD Packed Double-Precision FP Values Section B.4.5: ADDPS: ADD Packed Single-Precision FP Values Section B.4.6: ADDSD: ADD Scalar Double-Precision FP Values Section B.4.7: ADDSS: ADD Scalar Single-Precision FP Values Section B.4.8: AND: Bitwise AND Section B.4.9: ANDNPD: Bitwise Logical AND NOT of Packed Double-Precision FP Values Section B.4.10: ANDNPS: Bitwise Logical AND NOT of Packed Single-Precision FP Values Section B.4.11: ANDPD: Bitwise Logical AND For Single FP Section B.4.12: ANDPS: Bitwise Logical AND For Single FP Section B.4.13: ARPL: Adjust RPL Field of Selector Section B.4.14: BOUND: Check Array Index against Bounds Section B.4.15: BSF, BSR: Bit Scan Section B.4.16: BSWAP: Byte Swap Section B.4.17: BT, BTC, BTR, BTS: Bit Test Section B.4.18: CALL: Call Subroutine Section B.4.19: CBW, CWD, CDQ, CWDE: Sign Extensions Section B.4.20: CLC, CLD, CLI, CLTS: Clear Flags Section B.4.21: CLFLUSH: Flush Cache Line Section B.4.22: CMC: Complement Carry Flag Section B.4.23: CMOVcc: Conditional Move Section B.4.24: CMP: Compare Integers Section B.4.25: CMPccPD: Packed Double-Precision FP Compare Section B.4.26: CMPccPS: Packed Single-Precision FP Compare Section B.4.27: CMPSB, CMPSW, CMPSD: Compare Strings Section B.4.28: CMPccSD: Scalar Double-Precision FP Compare Section B.4.29: CMPccSS: Scalar Single-Precision FP Compare Section B.4.30: CMPXCHG, CMPXCHG486: Compare and Exchange Section B.4.31: CMPXCHG8B: Compare and Exchange Eight Bytes Section B.4.32: COMISD: Scalar Ordered Double-Precision FP Compare and Set EFLAGS Section B.4.33: COMISS: Scalar Ordered Single-Precision FP Compare and Set EFLAGS Section B.4.34: CPUID: Get CPU Identification Code Section B.4.35: CVTDQ2PD: Packed Signed INT32 to Packed Double-Precision FP Conversion Section B.4.36: CVTDQ2PS: Packed Signed INT32 to Packed Single-Precision FP Conversion Section B.4.37: CVTPD2DQ: Packed Double-Precision FP to Packed Signed INT32 Conversion Section B.4.38: CVTPD2PI: Packed Double-Precision FP to Packed Signed INT32 Conversion Section B.4.39: CVTPD2PS: Packed Double-Precision FP to Packed Single-Precision FP Conversion Section B.4.40: CVTPI2PD: Packed Signed INT32 to Packed Double-Precision FP Conversion Section B.4.41: CVTPI2PS: Packed Signed INT32 to Packed Single-FP Conversion Section B.4.42: CVTPS2DQ: Packed Single-Precision FP to Packed Signed INT32 Conversion Section B.4.43: CVTPS2PD: Packed Single-Precision FP to Packed Double-Precision FP Conversion Section B.4.44: CVTPS2PI: Packed Single-Precision FP to Packed Signed INT32 Conversion Section B.4.45: CVTSD2SI: Scalar Double-Precision FP to Signed INT32 Conversion Section B.4.46: CVTSD2SS: Scalar Double-Precision FP to Scalar Single-Precision FP Conversion Section B.4.47: CVTSI2SD: Signed INT32 to Scalar Double-Precision FP Conversion Section B.4.48: CVTSI2SS: Signed INT32 to Scalar Single-Precision FP Conversion Section B.4.49: CVTSS2SD: Scalar Single-Precision FP to Scalar Double-Precision FP Conversion Section B.4.50: CVTSS2SI: Scalar Single-Precision FP to Signed INT32 Conversion Section B.4.51: CVTTPD2DQ: Packed Double-Precision FP to Packed Signed INT32 Conversion with Truncation Section B.4.52: CVTTPD2PI: Packed Double-Precision FP to Packed Signed INT32 Conversion with Truncation Section B.4.53: CVTTPS2DQ: Packed Single-Precision FP to Packed Signed INT32 Conversion with Truncation Section B.4.54: CVTTPS2PI: Packed Single-Precision FP to Packed Signed INT32 Conversion with Truncation Section B.4.55: CVTTSD2SI: Scalar Double-Precision FP to Signed INT32 Conversion with Truncation Section B.4.56: CVTTSS2SI: Scalar Single-Precision FP to Signed INT32 Conversion with Truncation Section B.4.57: DAA, DAS: Decimal Adjustments Section B.4.58: DEC: Decrement Integer Section B.4.59: DIV: Unsigned Integer Divide Section B.4.60: DIVPD: Packed Double-Precision FP Divide Section B.4.61: DIVPS: Packed Single-Precision FP Divide Section B.4.62: DIVSD: Scalar Double-Precision FP Divide Section B.4.63: DIVSS: Scalar Single-Precision FP Divide Section B.4.64: EMMS: Empty MMX State Section B.4.65: ENTER: Create Stack Frame Section B.4.66: F2XM1: Calculate 2**X-1 Section B.4.67: FABS: Floating-Point Absolute Value Section B.4.68: FADD, FADDP: Floating-Point Addition Section B.4.69: FBLD, FBSTP: BCD Floating-Point Load and Store Section B.4.70: FCHS: Floating-Point Change Sign Section B.4.71: FCLEX, FNCLEX: Clear Floating-Point Exceptions Section B.4.72: FCMOVcc: Floating-Point Conditional Move Section B.4.73: FCOM, FCOMP, FCOMPP, FCOMI, FCOMIP: Floating-Point Compare Section B.4.74: FCOS: Cosine Section B.4.75: FDECSTP: Decrement Floating-Point Stack Pointer Section B.4.76: FxDISI, FxENI: Disable and Enable Floating-Point Interrupts Section B.4.77: FDIV, FDIVP, FDIVR, FDIVRP: Floating-Point Division Section B.4.78: FEMMS: Faster Enter/Exit of the MMX or floating-point state Section B.4.79: FFREE: Flag Floating-Point Register as Unused Section B.4.80: FIADD: Floating-Point/Integer Addition Section B.4.81: FICOM, FICOMP: Floating-Point/Integer Compare Section B.4.82: FIDIV, FIDIVR: Floating-Point/Integer Division Section B.4.83: FILD, FIST, FISTP: Floating-Point/Integer Conversion Section B.4.84: FIMUL: Floating-Point/Integer Multiplication Section B.4.85: FINCSTP: Increment Floating-Point Stack Pointer Section B.4.86: FINIT, FNINIT: Initialise Floating-Point Unit Section B.4.87: FISUB: Floating-Point/Integer Subtraction Section B.4.88: FLD: Floating-Point Load Section B.4.89: FLDxx: Floating-Point Load Constants Section B.4.90: FLDCW: Load Floating-Point Control Word Section B.4.91: FLDENV: Load Floating-Point Environment Section B.4.92: FMUL, FMULP: Floating-Point Multiply Section B.4.93: FNOP: Floating-Point No Operation Section B.4.94: FPATAN, FPTAN: Arctangent and Tangent Section B.4.95: FPREM, FPREM1: Floating-Point Partial Remainder Section B.4.96: FRNDINT: Floating-Point Round to Integer Section B.4.97: FSAVE, FRSTOR: Save/Restore Floating-Point State Section B.4.98: FSCALE: Scale Floating-Point Value by Power of Two Section B.4.99: FSETPM: Set Protected Mode Section B.4.100: FSIN, FSINCOS: Sine and Cosine Section B.4.101: FSQRT: Floating-Point Square Root Section B.4.102: FST, FSTP: Floating-Point Store Section B.4.103: FSTCW: Store Floating-Point Control Word Section B.4.104: FSTENV: Store Floating-Point Environment Section B.4.105: FSTSW: Store Floating-Point Status Word Section B.4.106: FSUB, FSUBP, FSUBR, FSUBRP: Floating-Point Subtract Section B.4.107: FTST: Test ST0 Against Zero Section B.4.108: FUCOMxx: Floating-Point Unordered Compare Section B.4.109: FXAM: Examine Class of Value in ST0 Section B.4.110: FXCH: Floating-Point Exchange Section B.4.111: FXRSTOR: Restore FP, MMX and SSE State Section B.4.112: FXSAVE: Store FP, MMX and SSE State Section B.4.113: FXTRACT: Extract Exponent and Significand Section B.4.114: FYL2X, FYL2XP1: Compute Y times Log2(X) or Log2(X+1) Section B.4.115: HLT: Halt Processor Section B.4.116: IBTS: Insert Bit String Section B.4.117: IDIV: Signed Integer Divide Section B.4.118: IMUL: Signed Integer Multiply Section B.4.119: IN: Input from I/O Port Section B.4.120: INC: Increment Integer Section B.4.121: INSB, INSW, INSD: Input String from I/O Port Section B.4.122: INT: Software Interrupt Section B.4.123: INT3, INT1, ICEBP, INT01: Breakpoints Section B.4.124: INTO: Interrupt if Overflow Section B.4.125: INVD: Invalidate Internal Caches Section B.4.126: INVLPG: Invalidate TLB Entry Section B.4.127: IRET, IRETW, IRETD: Return from Interrupt Section B.4.128: Jcc: Conditional Branch Section B.4.129: JCXZ, JECXZ: Jump if CX/ECX Zero Section B.4.130: JMP: Jump Section B.4.131: LAHF: Load AH from Flags Section B.4.132: LAR: Load Access Rights Section B.4.133: LDMXCSR: Load Streaming SIMD Extension Control/Status Section B.4.134: LDS, LES, LFS, LGS, LSS: Load Far Pointer Section B.4.135: LEA: Load Effective Address Section B.4.136: LEAVE: Destroy Stack Frame Section B.4.137: LFENCE: Load Fence Section B.4.138: LGDT, LIDT, LLDT: Load Descriptor Tables Section B.4.139: LMSW: Load/Store Machine Status Word Section B.4.140: LOADALL, LOADALL286: Load Processor State Section B.4.141: LODSB, LODSW, LODSD: Load from String Section B.4.142: LOOP, LOOPE, LOOPZ, LOOPNE, LOOPNZ: Loop with Counter Section B.4.143: LSL: Load Segment Limit Section B.4.144: LTR: Load Task Register Section B.4.145: MASKMOVDQU: Byte Mask Write Section B.4.146: MASKMOVQ: Byte Mask Write Section B.4.147: MAXPD: Return Packed Double-Precision FP Maximum Section B.4.148: MAXPS: Return Packed Single-Precision FP Maximum Section B.4.149: MAXSD: Return Scalar Double-Precision FP Maximum Section B.4.150: MAXSS: Return Scalar Single-Precision FP Maximum Section B.4.151: MFENCE: Memory Fence Section B.4.152: MINPD: Return Packed Double-Precision FP Minimum Section B.4.153: MINPS: Return Packed Single-Precision FP Minimum Section B.4.154: MINSD: Return Scalar Double-Precision FP Minimum Section B.4.155: MINSS: Return Scalar Single-Precision FP Minimum Section B.4.156: MOV: Move Data Section B.4.157: MOVAPD: Move Aligned Packed Double-Precision FP Values Section B.4.158: MOVAPS: Move Aligned Packed Single-Precision FP Values Section B.4.159: MOVD: Move Doubleword to/from MMX Register Section B.4.160: MOVDQ2Q: Move Quadword from XMM to MMX register. Section B.4.161: MOVDQA: Move Aligned Double Quadword Section B.4.162: MOVDQU: Move Unaligned Double Quadword Section B.4.163: MOVHLPS: Move Packed Single-Precision FP High to Low Section B.4.164: MOVHPD: Move High Packed Double-Precision FP Section B.4.165: MOVHPS: Move High Packed Single-Precision FP Section B.4.166: MOVLHPS: Move Packed Single-Precision FP Low to High Section B.4.167: MOVLPD: Move Low Packed Double-Precision FP Section B.4.168: MOVLPS: Move Low Packed Single-Precision FP Section B.4.169: MOVMSKPD: Extract Packed Double-Precision FP Sign Mask Section B.4.170: MOVMSKPS: Extract Packed Single-Precision FP Sign Mask Section B.4.171: MOVNTDQ: Move Double Quadword Non Temporal Section B.4.172: MOVNTI: Move Doubleword Non Temporal Section B.4.173: MOVNTPD: Move Aligned Four Packed Single-Precision FP Values Non Temporal Section B.4.174: MOVNTPS: Move Aligned Four Packed Single-Precision FP Values Non Temporal Section B.4.175: MOVNTQ: Move Quadword Non Temporal Section B.4.176: MOVQ: Move Quadword to/from MMX Register Section B.4.177: MOVQ2DQ: Move Quadword from MMX to XMM register. Section B.4.178: MOVSB, MOVSW, MOVSD: Move String Section B.4.179: MOVSD: Move Scalar Double-Precision FP Value Section B.4.180: MOVSS: Move Scalar Single-Precision FP Value Section B.4.181: MOVSX, MOVZX: Move Data with Sign or Zero Extend Section B.4.182: MOVUPD: Move Unaligned Packed Double-Precision FP Values Section B.4.183: MOVUPS: Move Unaligned Packed Single-Precision FP Values Section B.4.184: MUL: Unsigned Integer Multiply Section B.4.185: MULPD: Packed Single-FP Multiply Section B.4.186: MULPS: Packed Single-FP Multiply Section B.4.187: MULSD: Scalar Single-FP Multiply Section B.4.188: MULSS: Scalar Single-FP Multiply Section B.4.189: NEG, NOT: Two's and One's Complement Section B.4.190: NOP: No Operation Section B.4.191: OR: Bitwise OR Section B.4.192: ORPD: Bit-wise Logical OR of Double-Precision FP Data Section B.4.193: ORPS: Bit-wise Logical OR of Single-Precision FP Data Section B.4.194: OUT: Output Data to I/O Port Section B.4.195: OUTSB, OUTSW, OUTSD: Output String to I/O Port Section B.4.196: PACKSSDW, PACKSSWB, PACKUSWB: Pack Data Section B.4.197: PADDB, PADDW, PADDD: Add Packed Integers Section B.4.198: PADDQ: Add Packed Quadword Integers Section B.4.199: PADDSB, PADDSW: Add Packed Signed Integers With Saturation Section B.4.200: PADDSIW: MMX Packed Addition to Implicit Destination Section B.4.201: PADDUSB, PADDUSW: Add Packed Unsigned Integers With Saturation Section B.4.202: PAND, PANDN: MMX Bitwise AND and AND-NOT Section B.4.203: PAUSE: Spin Loop Hint Section B.4.204: PAVEB: MMX Packed Average Section B.4.205: PAVGB PAVGW: Average Packed Integers Section B.4.206: PAVGUSB: Average of unsigned packed 8-bit values Section B.4.207: PCMPxx: Compare Packed Integers. Section B.4.208: PDISTIB: MMX Packed Distance and Accumulate with Implied Register Section B.4.209: PEXTRW: Extract Word Section B.4.210: PF2ID: Packed Single-Precision FP to Integer Convert Section B.4.211: PF2IW: Packed Single-Precision FP to Integer Word Convert Section B.4.212: PFACC: Packed Single-Precision FP Accumulate Section B.4.213: PFADD: Packed Single-Precision FP Addition Section B.4.214: PFCMPxx: Packed Single-Precision FP Compare Section B.4.215: PFMAX: Packed Single-Precision FP Maximum Section B.4.216: PFMIN: Packed Single-Precision FP Minimum Section B.4.217: PFMUL: Packed Single-Precision FP Multiply Section B.4.218: PFNACC: Packed Single-Precision FP Negative Accumulate Section B.4.219: PFPNACC: Packed Single-Precision FP Mixed Accumulate Section B.4.220: PFRCP: Packed Single-Precision FP Reciprocal Approximation Section B.4.221: PFRCPIT1: Packed Single-Precision FP Reciprocal, First Iteration Step Section B.4.222: PFRCPIT2: Packed Single-Precision FP Reciprocal/ Reciprocal Square Root, Second Iteration Step Section B.4.223: PFRSQIT1: Packed Single-Precision FP Reciprocal Square Root, First Iteration Step Section B.4.224: PFRSQRT: Packed Single-Precision FP Reciprocal Square Root Approximation Section B.4.225: PFSUB: Packed Single-Precision FP Subtract Section B.4.226: PFSUBR: Packed Single-Precision FP Reverse Subtract Section B.4.227: PI2FD: Packed Doubleword Integer to Single-Precision FP Convert Section B.4.228: PF2IW: Packed Word Integer to Single-Precision FP Convert Section B.4.229: PINSRW: Insert Word Section B.4.230: PMACHRIW: Packed Multiply and Accumulate with Rounding Section B.4.231: PMADDWD: MMX Packed Multiply and Add Section B.4.232: PMAGW: MMX Packed Magnitude Section B.4.233: PMAXSW: Packed Signed Integer Word Maximum Section B.4.234: PMAXUB: Packed Unsigned Integer Byte Maximum Section B.4.235: PMINSW: Packed Signed Integer Word Minimum Section B.4.236: PMINUB: Packed Unsigned Integer Byte Minimum Section B.4.237: PMOVMSKB: Move Byte Mask To Integer Section B.4.238: PMULHRWC, PMULHRIW: Multiply Packed 16-bit Integers With Rounding, and Store High Word Section B.4.239: PMULHRWA: Multiply Packed 16-bit Integers With Rounding, and Store High Word Section B.4.240: PMULHUW: Multiply Packed 16-bit Integers, and Store High Word Section B.4.241: PMULHW, PMULLW: Multiply Packed 16-bit Integers, and Store Section B.4.242: PMULUDQ: Multiply Packed Unsigned 32-bit Integers, and Store. Section B.4.243: PMVccZB: MMX Packed Conditional Move Section B.4.244: POP: Pop Data from Stack Section B.4.245: POPAx: Pop All General-Purpose Registers Section B.4.246: POPFx: Pop Flags Register Section B.4.247: POR: MMX Bitwise OR Section B.4.248: PREFETCH: Prefetch Data Into Caches Section B.4.249: PREFETCHh: Prefetch Data Into Caches Section B.4.250: PSADBW: Packed Sum of Absolute Differences Section B.4.251: PSHUFD: Shuffle Packed Doublewords Section B.4.252: PSHUFHW: Shuffle Packed High Words Section B.4.253: PSHUFLW: Shuffle Packed Low Words Section B.4.254: PSHUFW: Shuffle Packed Words Section B.4.255: PSLLx: Packed Data Bit Shift Left Logical Section B.4.256: PSRAx: Packed Data Bit Shift Right Arithmetic Section B.4.257: PSRLx: Packed Data Bit Shift Right Logical Section B.4.258: PSUBx: Subtract Packed Integers Section B.4.259: PSUBSxx, PSUBUSx: Subtract Packed Integers With Saturation Section B.4.260: PSUBSIW: MMX Packed Subtract with Saturation to Implied Destination Section B.4.261: PSWAPD: Swap Packed Data Section B.4.262: PUNPCKxxx: Unpack and Interleave Data Section B.4.263: PUSH: Push Data on Stack Section B.4.264: PUSHAx: Push All General-Purpose Registers Section B.4.265: PUSHFx: Push Flags Register Section B.4.266: PXOR: MMX Bitwise XOR Section B.4.267: RCL, RCR: Bitwise Rotate through Carry Bit Section B.4.268: RCPPS: Packed Single-Precision FP Reciprocal Section B.4.269: RCPSS: Scalar Single-Precision FP Reciprocal Section B.4.270: RDMSR: Read Model-Specific Registers Section B.4.271: RDPMC: Read Performance-Monitoring Counters Section B.4.272: RDSHR: Read SMM Header Pointer Register Section B.4.273: RDTSC: Read Time-Stamp Counter Section B.4.274: RET, RETF, RETN: Return from Procedure Call Section B.4.275: ROL, ROR: Bitwise Rotate Section B.4.276: RSDC: Restore Segment Register and Descriptor Section B.4.277: RSLDT: Restore Segment Register and Descriptor Section B.4.278: RSM: Resume from System-Management Mode Section B.4.279: RSQRTPS: Packed Single-Precision FP Square Root Reciprocal Section B.4.280: RSQRTSS: Scalar Single-Precision FP Square Root Reciprocal Section B.4.281: RSTS: Restore TSR and Descriptor Section B.4.282: SAHF: Store AH to Flags Section B.4.283: SAL, SAR: Bitwise Arithmetic Shifts Section B.4.284: SALC: Set AL from Carry Flag Section B.4.285: SBB: Subtract with Borrow Section B.4.286: SCASB, SCASW, SCASD: Scan String Section B.4.287: SETcc: Set Register from Condition Section B.4.288: SFENCE: Store Fence Section B.4.289: SGDT, SIDT, SLDT: Store Descriptor Table Pointers Section B.4.290: SHL, SHR: Bitwise Logical Shifts Section B.4.291: SHLD, SHRD: Bitwise Double-Precision Shifts Section B.4.292: SHUFPD: Shuffle Packed Double-Precision FP Values Section B.4.293: SHUFPS: Shuffle Packed Single-Precision FP Values Section B.4.294: SMI: System Management Interrupt Section B.4.295: SMINT, SMINTOLD: Software SMM Entry (CYRIX) Section B.4.296: SMSW: Store Machine Status Word Section B.4.297: SQRTPD: Packed Double-Precision FP Square Root Section B.4.298: SQRTPS: Packed Single-Precision FP Square Root Section B.4.299: SQRTSD: Scalar Double-Precision FP Square Root Section B.4.300: SQRTSS: Scalar Single-Precision FP Square Root Section B.4.301: STC, STD, STI: Set Flags Section B.4.302: STMXCSR: Store Streaming SIMD Extension Control/Status Section B.4.303: STOSB, STOSW, STOSD: Store Byte to String Section B.4.304: STR: Store Task Register Section B.4.305: SUB: Subtract Integers Section B.4.306: SUBPD: Packed Double-Precision FP Subtract Section B.4.307: SUBPS: Packed Single-Precision FP Subtract Section B.4.308: SUBSD: Scalar Single-FP Subtract Section B.4.309: SUBSS: Scalar Single-FP Subtract Section B.4.310: SVDC: Save Segment Register and Descriptor Section B.4.311: SVLDT: Save LDTR and Descriptor Section B.4.312: SVTS: Save TSR and Descriptor Section B.4.313: SYSCALL: Call Operating System Section B.4.314: SYSENTER: Fast System Call Section B.4.315: SYSEXIT: Fast Return From System Call Section B.4.316: SYSRET: Return From Operating System Section B.4.317: TEST: Test Bits (notional bitwise AND) Section B.4.318: UCOMISD: Unordered Scalar Double-Precision FP compare and set EFLAGS Section B.4.319: UCOMISS: Unordered Scalar Single-Precision FP compare and set EFLAGS Section B.4.320: UD0, UD1, UD2: Undefined Instruction Section B.4.321: UMOV: User Move Data Section B.4.322: UNPCKHPD: Unpack and Interleave High Packed Double-Precision FP Values Section B.4.323: UNPCKHPS: Unpack and Interleave High Packed Single-Precision FP Values Section B.4.324: UNPCKLPD: Unpack and Interleave Low Packed Double-Precision FP Data Section B.4.325: UNPCKLPS: Unpack and Interleave Low Packed Single-Precision FP Data Section B.4.326: VERR, VERW: Verify Segment Readability/Writability Section B.4.327: WAIT: Wait for Floating-Point Processor Section B.4.328: WBINVD: Write Back and Invalidate Cache Section B.4.329: WRMSR: Write Model-Specific Registers Section B.4.330: WRSHR: Write SMM Header Pointer Register Section B.4.331: XADD: Exchange and Add Section B.4.332: XBTS: Extract Bit String Section B.4.333: XCHG: Exchange Section B.4.334: XLATB: Translate Byte in Lookup Table Section B.4.335: XOR: Bitwise Exclusive OR Section B.4.336: XORPD: Bitwise Logical XOR of Double-Precision FP Values Section B.4.337: XORPS: Bitwise Logical XOR of Single-Precision FP Values
AAA
AAS
AAM
AAD
ADC
ADD
ADDPD
ADDPS
ADDSD
ADDSS
AND
ANDNPD
ANDNPS
ANDPD
ANDPS
ARPL
BOUND
BSF
BSR
BSWAP
BT
BTC
BTR
BTS
CALL
CBW
CWD
CDQ
CWDE
CLC
CLD
CLI
CLTS
CLFLUSH
CMC
CMOVcc
CMP
CMPccPD
CMPccPS
CMPSB
CMPSW
CMPSD
CMPccSD
CMPccSS
CMPXCHG
CMPXCHG486
CMPXCHG8B
COMISD
COMISS
CPUID
CVTDQ2PD
CVTDQ2PS
CVTPD2DQ
CVTPD2PI
CVTPD2PS
CVTPI2PD
CVTPI2PS
CVTPS2DQ
CVTPS2PD
CVTPS2PI
CVTSD2SI
CVTSD2SS
CVTSI2SD
CVTSI2SS
CVTSS2SD
CVTSS2SI
CVTTPD2DQ
CVTTPD2PI
CVTTPS2DQ
CVTTPS2PI
CVTTSD2SI
CVTTSS2SI
DAA
DAS
DEC
DIV
DIVPD
DIVPS
DIVSD
DIVSS
EMMS
ENTER
F2XM1
FABS
FADD
FADDP
FBLD
FBSTP
FCHS
FCLEX
FNCLEX
FCMOVcc
FCOM
FCOMP
FCOMPP
FCOMI
FCOMIP
FCOS
FDECSTP
FxDISI
FxENI
FDIV
FDIVP
FDIVR
FDIVRP
FEMMS
FFREE
FIADD
FICOM
FICOMP
FIDIV
FIDIVR
FILD
FIST
FISTP
FIMUL
FINCSTP
FINIT
FNINIT
FISUB
FLD
FLDxx
FLDCW
FLDENV
FMUL
FMULP
FNOP
FPATAN
FPTAN
FPREM
FPREM1
FRNDINT
FSAVE
FRSTOR
FSCALE
FSETPM
FSIN
FSINCOS
FSQRT
FST
FSTP
FSTCW
FSTENV
FSTSW
FSUB
FSUBP
FSUBR
FSUBRP
FTST
ST0
FUCOMxx
FXAM
FXCH
FXRSTOR
FP
MMX
SSE
FXSAVE
FXTRACT
FYL2X
FYL2XP1
HLT
IBTS
IDIV
IMUL
IN
INC
INSB
INSW
INSD
INT
INT3
INT1
ICEBP
INT01
INTO
INVD
INVLPG
IRET
IRETW
IRETD
Jcc
JCXZ
JECXZ
JMP
LAHF
LAR
LDMXCSR
LDS
LES
LFS
LGS
LSS
LEA
LEAVE
LFENCE
LGDT
LIDT
LLDT
LMSW
LOADALL
LOADALL286
LODSB
LODSW
LODSD
LOOP
LOOPE
LOOPZ
LOOPNE
LOOPNZ
LSL
LTR
MASKMOVDQU
MASKMOVQ
MAXPD
MAXPS
MAXSD
MAXSS
MFENCE
MINPD
MINPS
MINSD
MINSS
MOV
MOVAPD
MOVAPS
MOVD
MOVDQ2Q
MOVDQA
MOVDQU
MOVHLPS
MOVHPD
MOVHPS
MOVLHPS
MOVLPD
MOVLPS
MOVMSKPD
MOVMSKPS
MOVNTDQ
MOVNTI
MOVNTPD
MOVNTPS
MOVNTQ
MOVQ
MOVQ2DQ
MOVSB
MOVSW
MOVSD
MOVSS
MOVSX
MOVZX
MOVUPD
MOVUPS
MUL
MULPD
MULPS
MULSD
MULSS
NEG
NOT
NOP
OR
ORPD
ORPS
OUT
OUTSB
OUTSW
OUTSD
PACKSSDW
PACKSSWB
PACKUSWB
PADDB
PADDW
PADDD
PADDQ
PADDSB
PADDSW
PADDSIW
PADDUSB
PADDUSW
PAND
PANDN
PAUSE
PAVEB
PAVGB
PAVGW
PAVGUSB
PCMPxx
PDISTIB
PEXTRW
PF2ID
PF2IW
PFACC
PFADD
PFCMPxx
PFMAX
PFMIN
PFMUL
PFNACC
PFPNACC
PFRCP
PFRCPIT1
PFRCPIT2
PFRSQIT1
PFRSQRT
PFSUB
PFSUBR
PI2FD
PINSRW
PMACHRIW
PMADDWD
PMAGW
PMAXSW
PMAXUB
PMINSW
PMINUB
PMOVMSKB
PMULHRWC
PMULHRIW
PMULHRWA
PMULHUW
PMULHW
PMULLW
PMULUDQ
PMVccZB
POP
POPAx
POPFx
POR
PREFETCH
PREFETCHh
PSADBW
PSHUFD
PSHUFHW
PSHUFLW
PSHUFW
PSLLx
PSRAx
PSRLx
PSUBx
PSUBSxx
PSUBUSx
PSUBSIW
PSWAPD
PUNPCKxxx
PUSH
PUSHAx
PUSHFx
PXOR
RCL
RCR
RCPPS
RCPSS
RDMSR
RDPMC
RDSHR
RDTSC
RET
RETF
RETN
ROL
ROR
RSDC
RSLDT
RSM
RSQRTPS
RSQRTSS
RSTS
SAHF
SAL
SAR
SALC
SBB
SCASB
SCASW
SCASD
SETcc
SFENCE
SGDT
SIDT
SLDT
SHL
SHR
SHLD
SHRD
SHUFPD
SHUFPS
SMI
SMINT
SMINTOLD
SMSW
SQRTPD
SQRTPS
SQRTSD
SQRTSS
STC
STD
STI
STMXCSR
STOSB
STOSW
STOSD
STR
SUB
SUBPD
SUBPS
SUBSD
SUBSS
SVDC
SVLDT
SVTS
SYSCALL
SYSENTER
SYSEXIT
SYSRET
TEST
UCOMISD
UCOMISS
UD0
UD1
UD2
UMOV
UNPCKHPD
UNPCKHPS
UNPCKLPD
UNPCKLPS
VERR
VERW
WAIT
WBINVD
WRMSR
WRSHR
XADD
XBTS
XCHG
XLATB
XOR
XORPD
XORPS
Document Index
